A digital twin is a digital replica of a living or non-living physical entity, and essentially refers to a simulation in a virtual environment, of the physical characteristics and processes that characterize the functioning of its real double, allowing to elaborate simulations and projections. with respect to its life cycle. To create a "digital twin" of any system, simple or complex, three main prerequisites must be present: physical products in real space, virtual products in virtual space and, finally, the connections of data and information that bind the products these two worlds. Starting from a physical object, its virtual copy - a three-dimensional representation - can be created thanks to advanced digital survey techniques, such as the laser scanner and the point cloud.

A digital twin is continuously updated, drawing information from multiple sources, representing its status, working conditions or environmental factors almost in real time. The digital twin "learns" from himself and from the data he constantly collects, through the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms. This is a fundamental process for identifying increasingly targeted responses to address specific needs and solve concrete problems, a decision support that cannot replace the intelligence of human decision makers.

This technology is destined to radically change the management model of the single building and complex urban systems within a few years. The digital twin will help the Facility manager to access data in a much easier and immediate way and to carry out maintenance interventions extremely quickly and remotely. And not only that: it can also always have the building history available, since the DTM is a sort of medical record of the building, where past data are added to present and future ones to ensure constant monitoring. Consequently, the digital twin can be used: to assess the current condition of the asset; most importantly, to predict future behavior, both in conditions of normal obsolescence and with respect to extreme events. All this through the improvement of the performance control and the possibility of constantly optimizing its operation.

The proposed research is the realization of the digital twin of a newly built building complex, located in a semi-peripheral area of the city of Rome, finalizing it to the study of the previously described management aspects, managed through the application of artificial intelligence (AI). The building project in question is located in the Talenti district between Nomentana and Salaria, next to a large park; it is a residential complex consisting of 20 real estate units built starting from 2008, called Rione Rinascimento. A building intervention that is characterized as a new portion of the city, energy self-sufficient, designed according to the most advanced ecological and energy sustainability approaches, designed to be an integral part of the neighboring areas, both in terms of urban planning and services.